SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Intelligent user interface</title>

</head>

<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Intelligent user interface</span></span>

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Interface agent" redirects here. For an intelligent agent that interacts with its environment, see <a href="Embodied_agent" title="Embodied agent">Embodied agent</a>.</div>

<p>An <b>intelligent user interface</b> (<b>intelligent UI</b>, <b>IUI</b>, or sometimes <b>interface agent</b>) is a <a href="User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> (UI) that involves some aspect of <a href="Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a> (AI or computational intelligence). There are many modern examples of IUIs, the most famous (or infamous) being the Microsoft <a href="Office_Assistant" title="Office Assistant">Office Assistant</a>, whose most recognizable agentive representation was called "<a href="Clippy" class="mw-redirect" title="Clippy">Clippy</a>".

</p><p>Generally, an IUI involves the computer-side having sophisticated knowledge of the domain and/or a model of the user. These allow the interface to better understand the user's needs and personalize or guide the interaction.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>Probably the earliest examples of what could be considered true IUIs appeared in the <a href="Intelligent_tutoring_system" title="Intelligent tutoring system">Intelligent Computer Assisted Instruction</a> (ICAI, aka. <a href="Intelligent_tutoring_system" title="Intelligent tutoring system">intelligent tutoring systems</a>) community, which arose in the 1960s and 1970s<sup id="cite_ref-BurtonBrown1979_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BurtonBrown1979-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and become popular (among academics) in the 1980s. Also, in the early 1980s, as <a href="Expert_system" title="Expert system">expert systems</a> took hold in the AI community, expert systems were applied to UIs (e.g., the aptly-named "WIZARD" system<sup id="cite_ref-Shrager92_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shrager92-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). In the 1990s the application of plan inference to interaction formed the basis for research<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in what then was named <a href="Natural_user_interface" title="Natural user interface">natural interfaces</a> (the term has later come to evolve to mean full-body interaction). Later IUIs, such as <a href="Clippy" class="mw-redirect" title="Clippy">Clippy</a>, are more statistically-based, using <a href="Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">machine learning</a> methods to decide how to tune the interactive experience to the individual user. In the 2000s this strand of research often is labeled <a href="Personalization" title="Personalization">personalization</a>, most often employing various <a href="Recommender_system" title="Recommender system">recommender system</a> techniques to adapt the behavior of an interface or an entire interactive system to individual user preferences.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitional_difficulty">Definitional difficulty</h2></div>

<p>What constitutes "intelligent" is potentially disputable, as is what counts as an "interface". The field is in practice defined by the community of researchers and the channels they publish in.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2></div>

<p>Research in intelligent user interfaces is published in general Human-Computer Interaction conferences and journals such as <a href="Conference_on_Human_Factors_in_Computing_Systems" title="Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems">CHI</a> or UIST as well as in some artificial intelligence research channels such as those hosted by the <a href="AAAI" class="mw-redirect" title="AAAI">AAAI</a>, but most importantly there are the dedicated conference series on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/conference/iui">Intelligent User Interfaces</a> (since 1988) and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/conference/recsys">Recommender Systems</a> (since 2007), as well as the journal <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.springer.com/journal/11257">User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction</a> (since 1990).

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Humanizing_cues">Humanizing cues</h2></div>

<p>As practical concept of social interface design, social interface is seen in the studies of <a href="Human-computer_interaction" class="mw-redirect" title="Human-computer interaction">human-computer interaction</a> (in particular, its <a href="Computer_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer interface">computer interface</a> aspect). The basic thesis is that where a computer interface is more akin to another human, it can facilitate correct responses from users during human-to-computer interaction. Software that can provide such humanizing cues often does it by creating interface with human-like quality (such as giving recognizable <a href="Gender" title="Gender">gender</a> to a <a href="Software_agent" title="Software agent">software agent</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Studies are often concerned with how should such agents (like the <a href="Microsoft_Agent" title="Microsoft Agent">Microsoft Agent</a>) be designed to make them more appealing (is having <a href="Facial_expression" title="Facial expression">facial expressions</a> efficient, should the agent be <a href="Anthropomorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthropomorphic">anthropomorphic</a>, and so on).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Natural_language_user_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural language user interface">Natural language user interface</a>

<ul><li><a href="Chatterbot" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatterbot">Chatterbot</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Recommender_system" title="Recommender system">Recommender system</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite id="CITEREFBurtonBrown1979" class="citation journal cs1">Burton, Richard R.; Brown, John Seely (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170924160749/http://www.dtic.mil/get-tr-doc/pdf?AD=ADA061268">"An investigation of computer coaching for informal learning activities"</a>. <i>International Journal of Man-Machine Studies</i>. <b>11</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">5–</span>24. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0020-7373%2879%2980003-6">10.1016/S0020-7373(79)80003-6</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0020-7373">0020-7373</a>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dtic.mil/get-tr-doc/pdf?AD=ADA061268">the original</a></span> on September 24, 2017.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Shrager92-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Shrager92_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFShragerFinin1982" class="citation conference cs1">Shrager, Jeff; Finin, Tim (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/1982/AAAI82-080.pdf">"An expert system that volunteers advice"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Proc. 2nd Annual National Conf. on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-82)</i>. Pittsburgh, PA. pp. <span class="nowrap">339–</span>340.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCawsey1993" class="citation journal cs1">Cawsey, Alison (1993). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01257890">"User modelling in interactive explanations. User Model User-Adap Inter 3, 221–247 (1993)"</a></span>. <i>User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction</i>. <b>3</b>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01257890">10.1007/BF01257890</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:5555505">5555505</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tourangeau R.; Couper M.P.; Steiger D.M., <i> Humanizing self-administered surveys: experiments on social presence in web and IVR surveys</i>, Computers in Human Behavior, Volume 19, Number 1, January 2003, pp. 1-24(24), <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/07475632/2003/00000019/00000001/art00032">[1]</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael A. Cusumano, Richard W. Selby, <i>Microsoft Secrets: How the World's Most Powerful Software Company Creates Technology, Shakes Markets and Manages People</i>. Simon and Schuster, 1998, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-684-85531-3</bdi>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GixEgGs5qXcC&dq=%22Social+interface%22&pg=PA178">Google Print, p.178</a></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Links">Links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aaai.org/Conferences/AAAI/aaai.php">AAAI Conference</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/conference/iui">International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/conference/recsys">ACM Conference On Recommender Systems</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.springer.com/journal/11257">Journal on User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-17" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Intelligent_user_interface&oldid=1300894804">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>